FAQs

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Below are the answers to the most common questions you may have on Pigeon Academy by the Circinus Foundation. If you still can’t find the answer you’re looking for, just contact us!

General Questions

Pigeon Academy by Circinus Foundation is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing humane, science-based pigeon management strategies that balance urban needs with wildlife welfare. We empower municipalities, businesses, and communities by connecting them with a network of highly qualified professionals who design and execute compassionate solutions for managing pigeon populations.

Our mission is to demonstrate that effective pigeon control can be achieved without resorting to harmful methods. We prioritize humane techniques like fertility control, advanced pigeon deterrents, and strategic structural modifications to ensure sustainable and ethical outcomes. Our goal is to create balanced ecosystems where humans and pigeons can coexist peacefully.

Unlike traditional services, Pigeon Academy focuses on humane and sustainable approaches. We do not provide direct services but instead connect clients with a network of experts who tailor solutions to each unique situation. Our emphasis is on education, innovation, and long-term results, ensuring that every intervention respects bird welfare while addressing urban challenges.

By partnering with Pigeon Academy, you gain access to a trusted ally committed to crafting thoughtful, science-based solutions. Our approach prioritizes compassion, sustainability, and effectiveness, ensuring lasting results that benefit both urban spaces and wildlife. We also offer cost-effective strategies and ongoing support to maintain harmony between humans and pigeons.

Yes, our solutions are adaptable to diverse environments. For industrial facilities, we focus on habitat modification and humane exclusion to protect equipment and maintain hygiene. In historical areas, we use specialized, non-invasive methods to safeguard architectural heritage. For hospitals, we ensure complete freedom from pigeon-related issues while maintaining high standards of cleanliness and safety. Public spaces are transformed into harmonious environments where people and pigeons can coexist peacefully.

As a non-profit organization, we are committed to offering cost-effective solutions. Our deep evaluations allow us to tailor interventions to each client's unique circumstances, ensuring efficiency and value. Additionally, we leverage partnerships with leading organizations to keep costs manageable while delivering optimal results.

During a site evaluation, a certified expert visits your property to assess pigeon numbers, roosting habits, attractants, and structural features. This comprehensive assessment helps us understand why pigeons are present and how many there are, enabling us to craft a tailored strategy that balances your needs with bird welfare.

Fertility Control Questions

Fertility control is a humane and sustainable method to reduce pigeon populations steadily. This approach prevents reproduction without harming pigeons. One of the most effective and widely used methods is Nicarbazin, the active ingredient in products like Ovistop and R-12. These products are specially formulated to reduce the hatchability of pigeons' eggs, helping to manage populations in a non-lethal and environmentally friendly way.

Fertility control using Nicarbazin works by interfering with the development of the vitelline layer, which separates the egg white from the yolk. This membrane is vital to the viability of the egg, and without it, the egg cannot develop or hatch. Products like Ovistop and R-12 incorporate Nicarbazin to effectively reduce the fertility of pigeons, ensuring a sustainable reduction in population growth.

Fertility control is preferred because it offers a humane and sustainable solution to pigeon management. Unlike lethal methods, it prevents reproduction without harming pigeons. Products like Ovistop and R-12 are widely recognized for their effectiveness and safety, making them a popular choice among municipalities, hospitals, universities, and private sector organizations.

In Europe, Ovistop and R-12 can be purchased and used with a veterinary prescription. No additional special permit is required. For more details, refer to REGULATION (EU) 2019/6 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of December 11, 2018, which governs veterinary medicinal products.

Ovistop and R-12 have been widely utilized in both the public and private sectors since their release in 2003 and 2015, respectively. These products are praised for their effectiveness in reducing pigeon populations while maintaining a humane approach. They are supported by major animal welfare organizations such as the Humane Society of the United States, GAIA, PETA, and WWF. Additionally, Ovistop and R-12 offer significant advantages, such as reducing manpower requirements and ensuring consistent and reliable results when used with automatic dispensers.

Ovistop and R-12 can be administered either manually or using automatic dispensers. Automatic dispensers offer significant advantages, such as reducing manpower requirements, lowering costs, and ensuring consistent and reliable results in pigeon management efforts. This makes Ovistop and R-12 particularly effective for large-scale projects.

Pigeons should receive a dose of 10 g per day for at least 5 days per week during the breeding season. Consistent administration ensures optimal effectiveness and long-term population control.

These products should be administered early in the morning in locations where pigeons typically gather to feed, such as squares, large rooftops, or other common feeding areas. Each site is carefully monitored to ensure the pigeons are receiving the full dosage of the medication for optimal effectiveness. This targeted approach ensures that Ovistop and R-12 are effective in reducing the pigeon population while minimizing environmental impact.

Ovistop and R-12 typically take several months to show significant results. With consistent administration, you can expect a noticeable reduction in the number of hatchlings, leading to a decline in the pigeon population. Studies have shown that within the first three years of consistent treatment, pigeon populations can decrease by 50-60%.

If pigeons are not used to receiving food from humans, a pre-baiting period may be required. Pre-baiting is particularly effective in winter when pigeons struggle to find food, making them more likely to accept the treated feed.

Ovistop and R-12 must be taken for at least ten consecutive days to interfere with egg hatchability. Conversely, after about ten days from the interruption of treatment, the treated animals return to being fertile. This ensures a steady and sustainable reduction in the pigeon population over time.

The active ingredient in Ovistop and R-12 is designed to be safe for raptors. Even if a raptor consumes a pigeon treated with these products, the active ingredient is rendered biologically inactive once ingested, preventing any risk of secondary toxicity. Raptors naturally prefer fresh meat or fish, further reducing the likelihood of exposure.

Ovistop and R-12 are formulated to minimize non-target exposure. The bait consists of large corn grains that are ideal for pigeons but unsuitable for smaller birds such as starlings, house sparrows, and songbirds. Raptors and insectivores typically don't eat corn, further reducing their risk of exposure. The bait is provided early in the morning near pigeons' roosting areas, ensuring it is consumed by the pigeons, who eat in flocks and finish the bait in about 10 minutes.

Nicarbazin, the active ingredient in Ovistop and R-12, has an extremely low toxicity profile in mammals and is considered essentially non-toxic. Even if accidentally ingested, the risk to humans and other mammals is minimal. The American Environmental Protection Agency compares its toxicity to that of table sugar, underscoring its safety in accidental exposures.

Studies show that Nicarbazin has a soil half-life of 49 weeks, meaning it degrades gradually over that period. It remains confined to the top 6 inches of soil, preventing it from leaching into deeper layers. Importantly, no traces of Nicarbazin have ever been found in aquifers, underscoring its minimal environmental impact. This makes Ovistop and R-12 a safe and effective choice for sustainable pigeon management.

Yes, both Ovistop and R-12 are safe and effective when used as intended. They offer a high margin of safety and proven efficacy in pigeon management. Achieving optimal results requires their integration into a well-structured project with strict adherence to proper application protocols.

Pigeon Deterrent Questions

Pigeon deterrents are tools and methods designed to prevent pigeons from roosting, nesting, or feeding in unwanted areas. These products work by making the environment uncomfortable or inaccessible for pigeons, ensuring they stay away without causing harm to the birds.

Pigeon deterrents are important because they help mitigate the negative impacts of pigeon populations, such as property damage, health risks, and environmental concerns. By using deterrents, you can protect buildings, public spaces, and the environment while maintaining a humane approach.

There are several types of pigeon deterrents, including, spike strips, netting, and bird wire. Each type targets different behaviors and preferences of pigeons, making them effective in various settings.

The spike system deters pigeons by making their landing uncomfortable or even painful. It consists of a row of spikes fixed on a slim base, available in either durable polycarbonate or steel — with copper versions for historic buildings. The spikes are attached using silicone adhesives, screws, or specialized fittings (as used with gutters).

This method works best on shallow, linear spaces (up to 10 centimeters deep) like cornices or gutter edges. For deeper areas, spikes should be arranged in multiple rows spaced no more than 10 centimeters apart to avoid gaps where pigeons can nest. Although environmentally friendly, the system can be harsh, so it is recommended the use of spike made of polycarbonate with rounded picks.

The net blocks pigeon access by making inhabited areas unreachable. It is made of thin, lightweight, woven, weather-resistant material with roughly 5 cm openings, available in various colors. The net is stretched over securely anchored steel cables, ensuring stability even in outdoor settings such as open windows, balconies, verandas, or areas with wall niches and church rosettes. Although this solution is effective, discreet, and humane, proper installation is crucial—any gaps may trap pigeons, leading to a slow demise.

The bird wire deters pigeons by creating an unstable landing. A thin steel cable, supported by small posts and anchored with springs, never provides a solid perch—forcing pigeons to fly off. Use it on narrow, linear surfaces no deeper than 10 centimeters, such as cornices or gutter edges. For deeper areas, install multiple rows spaced no more than 10 cm apart to avoid gaps that pigeons could exploit. Nearly invisible and completely humane, this method is ideal for protecting windowsills and railings.

Pigeon deterrents can be highly effective when used correctly. The effectiveness depends on the type of deterrent, the specific location, and the frequency of use. Combining multiple deterrents often yields the best results, ensuring a comprehensive approach to pigeon management.

Pigeon deterrent costs vary by type and scale. Nets and bird wires are affordable, but installation expenses depend on the area's size and height. Electric devices require a higher initial investment yet deliver long-term savings by reducing property damage and cleaning costs.

Choosing the right pigeon deterrent depends on the specific situation. Consider the size of the area, the type of surfaces involved, and the level of pigeon activity. Consulting with professionals can help you make an informed decision.

Yes, pigeon deterrents can be used in conjunction with other methods such as fertility control and structural modifications. An integrated approach ensures comprehensive and lasting results in managing pigeon populations.

Structural Modifications Questions

Structural modifications are physical changes made to buildings, structures, and environments to make them less attractive or accessible to pigeons. These changes prevent pigeons from roosting, nesting, or resting in unwanted areas while maintaining the functionality and appearance of the structure.

Structural modifications are important because they create a long-lasting, humane solution by physically altering the environment to deter pigeons. This approach prevents pigeons from returning to the same areas, reducing the need for ongoing interventions like repeated cleanups or treatments.

Common types of structural modifications include:

A- Infill panels: these are non-structural elements used to close gaps or fill spaces between the main structural components of a building.

B- Sloping surfaces: they deter pigeons by eliminating flat, stable areas where they can easily land and perch.

C- Angled or Curved Surfaces: Reprofiling ledges, cornices, and rooflines into sloping or curved shapes eliminates the flat landing areas that pigeons need.

D- Redesign of Architectural Details: Modifying balconies, eaves, and parapets to minimize overhangs or ledges ensures there are few accessible spots for pigeons.

Infill panels prevent pigeons from roosting or nesting in protruding building elements by sealing off gaps and eliminating ledges. They create a smooth, uninterrupted surface, depriving pigeons of the irregularities where they typically perch or build nests. Consequently, these panels not only deter pigeons but also help maintain a clean and damage-free facade.

Pigeons need horizontal spaces to balance and roost; an angled surface forces them into an unstable position that discourages settling. Additionally, these surfaces hinder the buildup of nesting materials and droplets that could further attract pigeons. Bird-proofing mesh: Installing fine mesh over vents, windows, and other openings to prevent pigeons from entering.

Transforming flat, horizontal architectural elements—such as ledges, cornices, and rooflines—into designs with sloping or curved shapes is an effective strategy to deter pigeons. By re-profiling these features, the modifications remove the stable, flat surfaces that pigeons depend on for landing and roosting. The introduction of angled or curved designs forces pigeons to confront an unstable surface, making it difficult for them to rest securely. This approach not only minimizes the risk of pigeon infestations but also adds a dynamic, aesthetically pleasing element to the building's exterior.

Transforming and refining architectural elements such as balconies, eaves, and parapets is a strategic way to deter pigeons from roosting. By modifying these features to reduce or eliminate overhangs, ledges, and other protrusions, architects can significantly limit the number of accessible spots for pigeons to land or nest. This thoughtful redesign not only improves the visual appeal of the building but also creates a hostile environment for pigeons.

In practice, implementing smooth, continuous surfaces and sloping profiles can minimize flat areas where pigeons typically perch. This approach involves careful planning and attention to detail, ensuring that every architectural element, from balconies to eaves, is designed to discourage pigeon activity. The resulting structure is not only more aesthetically pleasing and modern but also more hygienic and easier to maintain, as fewer areas are left exposed for nesting and dirt accumulation.

Falconry for Pigeon Management Questions

Falconry is the practice of using trained birds of prey, typically falcons or hawks, to scare away or hunt pigeons. Proponents argue that it is a natural and traditional method for managing pigeon populations.

Pigeon Academy by Circinus Foundation does not recommend falconry because it has been found to be inefficient, stressful for both the birds of prey and the pigeons, and potentially harmful to the urban environment. Our organization advocates for humane, sustainable, and scientifically validated methods that prioritize long-term effectiveness and the well-being of all animals involved.

No, falconry is not an effective method for managing pigeon populations. While it may temporarily displace pigeons, it does not address the root causes of overpopulation, such as attractants like food sources or suitable nesting sites. Pigeons tend to return once the falcons are no longer present, making falconry a short-term and unsustainable solution.

The effect of falconry is usually short-lived. Pigeons typically return to their original locations once the falcons are no longer present. This means that falconry requires constant and expensive maintenance to be somewhat effective, making it impractical for long-term management.

No, falconry does not effectively reduce pigeon populations over time. It merely displaces pigeons temporarily without addressing the underlying factors that contribute to overpopulation, such as food availability and nesting sites. Without addressing these root causes, pigeon populations will eventually rebound.

No, falconry is not a humane method. While falconry does not directly kill pigeons, it causes significant stress and distress to both the pigeons and the birds of prey. Falcons are trained to chase and harass pigeons, which can lead to injury or death for the pigeons. Additionally, the stress experienced by both the falcons and pigeons raises ethical concerns.

Falcons used in falconry are subjected to repetitive stress and potential injury from chasing pigeons. This can lead to physical and psychological strain, reducing their overall health and well-being. Furthermore, falconry disrupts the natural behavior and hunting instincts of the birds, which can be detrimental to their welfare.

Ethical concerns include the stress and potential harm caused to both pigeons and falcons. Falcons are trained to chase and harass pigeons, which can lead to injury or death for the pigeons. Additionally, the practice of falconry can be seen as exploiting birds of prey for human convenience, raising questions about the ethical treatment of animals.

Falconry can have negative environmental impacts. The displacement of pigeons can disrupt local ecosystems, as pigeons play a role in seed dispersal and pollination. Additionally, the presence of falcons may disturb other wildlife and disrupt natural predator-prey dynamics, potentially leading to imbalances in the ecosystem.

Compared to other methods like fertility control, pigeon deterrents, and structural modifications, falconry is less effective and more costly. Other methods address the root causes of overpopulation and provide long-term, sustainable solutions. Falconry, on the other hand, is a short-term and ineffective solution that fails to solve the underlying issues.

Alternatives to falconry include fertility control, advanced pigeon deterrents, and strategic structural modifications. These methods are more effective, humane, and sustainable. Fertility control prevents excessive breeding, deterrents discourage pigeons from roosting or nesting, and structural modifications make buildings less attractive to pigeons. These approaches provide long-term solutions that prioritize the well-being of both pigeons and the urban environment.

Falconry is more expensive than other methods. Maintaining falcons, training handlers, and ensuring their well-being require significant financial investment. In contrast, methods like fertility control and structural modifications offer cost-effective solutions that provide lasting results with lower ongoing costs.

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